another-asteroids/src/machinery.rs

//! Systems, Components, and any other items for powering the game logic.
//!
//! Where the objects (ship, asteroid, etc) carry their own behavioral systems,
//! the *game* keeps its main logic here. Its for ambient behaviors, like
//! asteroid spawning, or eventually the flying saucer spawns.
use rand::{Rng, SeedableRng};
use std::time::Duration;

use bevy::prelude::*;

use crate::{
    WorldSize,
    messages::{AsteroidDestroy, SpawnAsteroid},
    objects::AsteroidSize,
    resources::Score,
};

/// Asteroid spawning parameters and state.
///
/// This struct keeps track of the rng and timer for spawning asteroids. In the
/// future it may contain additional fields to allow for more control.
///
/// It's values are operated by the [`tick_asteroid_manager`] system.
#[derive(Resource)]
pub struct AsteroidSpawner {
    rng: std::sync::Mutex<rand::rngs::StdRng>,
    timer: Timer,
    // TODO: Configurables?
    // - interval
    // - density
    // - size distribution
}

impl AsteroidSpawner {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            rng: std::sync::Mutex::new(rand::rngs::StdRng::from_seed(crate::config::RNG_SEED)),
            timer: Timer::new(Duration::from_secs(3), TimerMode::Repeating),
        }
    }
}

/// Update the asteroid spawn timer in the [`AsteroidSpawner`] resource, and
/// spawns any asteroids that are due this frame.
pub fn tick_asteroid_manager(
    mut events: MessageWriter<SpawnAsteroid>,
    mut spawner: ResMut<AsteroidSpawner>,
    time: Res<Time>,
    play_area: Res<WorldSize>,
) {
    spawner.timer.tick(time.delta());
    if spawner.timer.just_finished() {
        let mut rng = spawner
            .rng
            .lock()
            .expect("Expected to acquire lock on the AsteroidSpawner's RNG field.");

        // Use polar coordinate to decide where the asteroid will spawn
        // Theta will be random between 0 to 2pi
        let spawn_angle = rng.random_range(0.0..(std::f32::consts::PI * 2.0));
        // Rho will be the radius of a circle bordering the viewport, multiplied by 1.2
        // TODO: Use view diagonal to get a minimally sized circle around the play area
        let spawn_distance = play_area.x.max(play_area.y) / 2.0;

        // Convert polar to Cartesian, use as position
        let pos = Vec2::new(
            spawn_distance * spawn_angle.cos(),
            spawn_distance * spawn_angle.sin(),
        );

        // Right now, I'm thinking I can use the opposite signs attached to the position Vec components.
        // pos.x == -100, then vel.x = + <random>
        // pos.x == 100, then vel.x = - <random>
        // etc,
        let mut vel = Vec2::new(rng.random_range(0.0..100.0), rng.random_range(0.0..100.0));
        if pos.x > 0.0 {
            vel.x *= -1.0;
        }
        if pos.y > 0.0 {
            vel.y *= -1.0;
        }

        let size = match rng.random_range(0..=2) {
            0 => AsteroidSize::Small,
            1 => AsteroidSize::Medium,
            2 => AsteroidSize::Large,
            _ => unreachable!(),
        };

        events.write(SpawnAsteroid { pos, vel, size });
    }
}

/// Sets a lifetime on an entity to automatically delete it after expiration.
#[derive(Component)]
pub struct Lifetime(pub Timer);

/// System to tick the [`Lifetime`] timers and despawn expired entities.
pub fn tick_lifetimes(
    mut commands: Commands,
    time: Res<Time>,
    query: Query<(Entity, &mut Lifetime)>,
) {
    for (e, mut life) in query {
        life.0.tick(time.delta());
        if life.0.just_finished() {
            commands.entity(e).despawn();
        }
    }
}

/// Entities marked with this will flash. Used to make the debris field sparkle.
#[derive(Component, Deref, DerefMut)]
pub struct Sparkler(Timer);

impl Sparkler {
    pub fn at_interval(period: f32) -> Self {
        Self(Timer::from_seconds(period, TimerMode::Repeating))
    }
}

/// Advances the timer in a sparkler, swapping between visible and invisible
/// each time the timer expires.
pub fn operate_sparklers(sparklers: Query<(&mut Visibility, &mut Sparkler)>, time: Res<Time>) {
    for (mut vis, mut timer) in sparklers {
        if timer.tick(time.delta()).just_finished() {
            // Cycle between visible and in-visible modes (and print warning for "Inherited")
            *vis = match *vis {
                Visibility::Inherited => {
                    // I don't know when entities have this mode, so I'm going
                    // print a warning for a while.
                    eprintln!(
                        "->> WARN: `machinery::operate_sparklers` found an entity with Visibility::Inherited"
                    );
                    Visibility::Inherited
                }
                Visibility::Hidden => Visibility::Visible,
                Visibility::Visible => Visibility::Hidden,
            };
        }
    }
}

/// Event listener for adding score after an asteroid was destroyed
///
/// Refreshing the HUD element is done by [crate::widgets::operate_ui] (a private function)
pub fn update_scoreboard(
    mut destroy_events: MessageReader<AsteroidDestroy>,
    mut scoreboard: ResMut<Score>,
) {
    for _event in destroy_events.read() {
        scoreboard.0 += 100;
    }
}