Fix: Starting game from GUI runs "get ready" timer

Closes #23: Main menu's start button doesn't run the get-ready timer

I made the start button go directly to `GameState::Playing`, which is
not actually the right state for beginning a new game. Swap the states
and everything works again.

src/config.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ pub(crate) const BACKGROUND_COLOR: Color = Color::srgb(0.3, 0.3, 0.3);
 pub(crate) const PLAYER_SHIP_COLOR: Color = Color::srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
 pub(crate) const SHIP_THRUSTER_COLOR_ACTIVE: Color = Color::srgb(1.0, 0.2, 0.2);
 pub(crate) const SHIP_THRUSTER_COLOR_INACTIVE: Color = Color::srgb(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
+pub(crate) const SHIP_FIRE_RATE: f32 = 3.0; // in bullets-per-second
 pub(crate) const ASTEROID_SMALL_COLOR: Color = Color::srgb(1.0, 0., 0.);
 pub(crate) const BULLET_COLOR: Color = Color::srgb(0.0, 0.1, 0.9);
 // TODO: asteroid medium & large

src/lib.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::config::{
     SHIP_THRUSTER_COLOR_INACTIVE,
 };
 use crate::machinery::AsteroidSpawner;
-use crate::objects::{Bullet, Ship};
+use crate::objects::{Bullet, Ship, Weapon};
 use crate::physics::AngularVelocity;
 
 use bevy::prelude::*;
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ impl Plugin for AsteroidPlugin {
             widgets::PluginGameMenu,
             widgets::PluginGameOver,
             widgets::PluginGetReady,
+            widgets::PluginGameHud,
             RapierPhysicsPlugin::<NoUserData>::pixels_per_meter(10.0),
             RapierDebugRenderPlugin::default(),
         ))
@@ -45,13 +46,11 @@ impl Plugin for AsteroidPlugin {
         .insert_resource(Lives(3))
         .register_type::<Lives>()
         .insert_resource(Score(0))
+        .register_type::<Score>()
         .insert_resource(AsteroidSpawner::new())
         .init_resource::<GameAssets>()
         .add_systems(Startup, spawn_camera)
-        .add_systems(
-            OnEnter(GameState::Playing),
-            (objects::spawn_player, widgets::spawn_ui),
-        )
+        .add_systems(OnEnter(GameState::Playing), objects::spawn_player)
         .add_systems(
             FixedUpdate,
             (
@@ -161,19 +160,25 @@ fn input_ship_rotation(
 /// tick those timers. Maybe this system?
 fn input_ship_shoot(
     keyboard_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
-    ship: Single<(&Transform, &physics::Velocity), With<Ship>>,
+    ship: Single<(&Transform, &physics::Velocity, &mut Weapon), With<Ship>>,
     game_assets: Res<GameAssets>,
     mut commands: Commands,
+    time: Res<Time>,
 ) {
-    let (ship_pos, ship_vel) = *ship;
+    let (ship_pos, ship_vel, mut weapon) = ship.into_inner();
 
+    // Tick the timer so the cooldown eventually finishes. Once it does, the
+    // value will clamp at 0. The weapon is now ready.
+    weapon.tick(time.delta());
+
+    // If the weapon is ready and the player presses the trigger,
+    // spawn a bullet & reset the timer.
+    if weapon.finished() && keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::Space) {
+        weapon.reset();
         // Derive bullet velocity, add to the ship's velocity
         let bullet_vel = (ship_pos.rotation * Vec3::X).xy() * BULLET_SPEED;
         let bullet_vel = bullet_vel + ship_vel.0;
 
-    // TODO: create a timer for the gun fire rate.
-    // For now, spawn one for each press of the spacebar.
-    if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Space) {
         commands.spawn((
             Bullet,
             Collider::ball(0.2),

src/objects.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use bevy_rapier2d::prelude::{ActiveCollisionTypes, ActiveEvents, Collider, Senso
 
 use crate::{
     AngularVelocity, GameAssets, GameState, Lives,
-    config::ASTEROID_LIFETIME,
+    config::{ASTEROID_LIFETIME, SHIP_FIRE_RATE},
     events::{AsteroidDestroy, BulletDestroy, ShipDestroy, SpawnAsteroid},
     machinery::Lifetime,
     physics::{Velocity, Wrapping},
@@ -55,6 +55,10 @@ impl AsteroidSize {
 #[derive(Component)]
 pub struct Ship;
 
+/// The ship's gun (is just a timer)
+#[derive(Component, Deref, DerefMut)]
+pub struct Weapon(Timer);
+
 /// Marker component for bullets.
 #[derive(Component)]
 pub struct Bullet;
@@ -144,6 +148,7 @@ pub fn spawn_player(mut commands: Commands, game_assets: Res<GameAssets>) {
             ActiveEvents::COLLISION_EVENTS,
             ActiveCollisionTypes::STATIC_STATIC,
             Ship,
+            Weapon(Timer::from_seconds(1.0 / SHIP_FIRE_RATE, TimerMode::Once)),
             Wrapping,
             Velocity(Vec2::ZERO),
             AngularVelocity(0.0),

src/resources.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ use crate::{
     SHIP_THRUSTER_COLOR_INACTIVE, config::WINDOW_SIZE,
 };
 
-#[derive(Resource, Debug, Deref, Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(InspectorOptions, Reflect, Resource, Debug, Deref, Clone, Copy)]
+#[reflect(Resource, InspectorOptions)]
 pub struct Score(pub i32);
 
 impl From<Score> for String {

src/widgets.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use std::ops::DerefMut;
+
 use crate::{
     GameState,
     config::{UI_BUTTON_HOVERED, UI_BUTTON_NORMAL, UI_BUTTON_PRESSED},
@@ -38,6 +40,17 @@ impl Plugin for PluginGetReady {
     }
 }
 
+/// Plugin for the in-game HUD
+pub struct PluginGameHud;
+
+impl Plugin for PluginGameHud {
+    fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
+        app.add_systems(OnEnter(GameState::Playing), spawn_ui)
+            .add_systems(OnExit(GameState::Playing), despawn::<MarkerHUD>)
+            .add_systems(Update, (operate_ui).run_if(in_state(GameState::Playing)));
+    }
+}
+
 /// Plugin for the game-over screen
 pub struct PluginGameOver;
 
@@ -65,6 +78,10 @@ struct OnReadySetGo;
 #[derive(Component)]
 struct MarkerGameOver;
 
+/// Marker for things on the HUD (the in-game UI elements)
+#[derive(Component)]
+struct MarkerHUD;
+
 /// Action specifier for the game-over menu's buttons.
 ///
 /// Attach this component to a button and [`PluginGameOver`] will use it to
@@ -267,7 +284,7 @@ fn operate_buttons(
                         game_state.set(GameState::TitleScreen);
                     }
                     ButtonMenuAction::StartGame => {
-                        game_state.set(GameState::Playing);
+                        game_state.set(GameState::GetReady);
                     }
                     ButtonMenuAction::Quit => {
                         app_exit_events.write(AppExit::Success);
@@ -294,8 +311,50 @@ fn handle_spacebar(input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>, mut game_state: ResMut<Next
 }
 
 pub fn spawn_ui(mut commands: Commands, score: Res<Score>, lives: Res<Lives>) {
+    let score = score.0;
+    let lives = lives.0;
     commands.spawn((
-        Text::new(format!("Score: {score:?} | Lives: {lives:?}")),
+        MarkerHUD,
+        Node {
+            width: Val::Percent(100.0),
+            height: Val::Percent(100.0),
+            align_items: AlignItems::Start,
+            justify_content: JustifyContent::SpaceBetween,
+            padding: UiRect::all(Val::Px(5.0)),
+            ..default()
+        },
+        children![
+            (
+                Text::new(format!("Score: {score}")),
                 TextFont::from_font_size(25.0),
+                TextShadow::default(),
+            ),
+            (
+                Text::new(format!("Lives: {lives}")),
+                TextFont::from_font_size(25.0),
+                TextShadow::default(),
+            )
+        ],
     ));
 }
+
+/// Updates the HUD with the current score & life count
+///
+/// TODO: some kind of event-based thing. Touching the text nodes every frame
+/// seems expensive.
+fn operate_ui(
+    mut query: Single<(&Node, &Children), With<MarkerHUD>>,
+    mut text_query: Query<&mut Text>,
+    lives: Res<Lives>,
+    score: Res<Score>,
+) {
+    let (_node, children) = query.deref_mut();
+    let score = score.0;
+    let lives = lives.0;
+    // TODO: Something smarter than `unwrap()`
+    let mut score_text = text_query.get_mut(children[0]).unwrap();
+    **score_text = format!("Score: {score}");
+
+    let mut lives_text = text_query.get_mut(children[1]).unwrap();
+    **lives_text = format!("Lives: {lives}");
+}