Split crate into lib and bin chunks

I'm going to be doing some silly WASM and ES Module stuff here shortly,
so I need a cdylib. This means I'll need the crate to actually have a
library in it.

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 [package]
 name = "rustpt"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2021"
+version = "1.0.0"
+edition = "2024"
+license = "AGPL-3.0-only"
 
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
-rand = { version = "0.8.5", features = ["small_rng"] }
-itertools = { version = "0.11.0" }
+rand = { version = "0.9", features = ["small_rng"] }
+itertools = { version = "0.14" }

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,661 @@
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+APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
+OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+  IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer
+network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to
+get its source.  For example, if your program is a web application, its
+interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive
+of the code.  There are many ways you could offer source, and different
+solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the
+specific requirements.
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod primitives;
+pub mod renderer;
+pub mod scene;

src/main.rs

@@ -1,37 +1,22 @@
+use rustpt::primitives::{Vec2i, Vec3};
+use rustpt::scene::{Camera, Scene};
 
-mod primitives;
-mod scene;
-mod renderer;
-
-use crate::primitives::{
-    Vec2i,
-    Vec3,
-};
-use crate::scene::{
-    Camera,
-    Scene
-};
-
-use crate::renderer::{
-    Tile,
-    RenderProperties,
-};
+use rustpt::renderer::{RenderProperties, Tile};
 
 use rand::SeedableRng;
 use rand::rngs::SmallRng;
 
-
 fn main() {
     // image
     let aspect_ratio = 3.0 / 2.0;
     let image = Vec2i {
         x: 400,
-        y: (400.0 / aspect_ratio) as i32
+        y: (400.0 / aspect_ratio) as i32,
     };
 
     let render_config = RenderProperties {
         samples: 10,
-        bounces: 50
+        bounces: 50,
     };
 
     // random generator
@@ -41,14 +26,14 @@ fn main() {
     let scene = Scene {
         camera: Camera::new(
             Vec3::new(13.0, 2.0, 3.0),  // lookfrom
-            Vec3::zero(), // lookat
-            Vec3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), // vup
+            Vec3::ZERO,                 // lookat
+            Vec3::UP,                   // vup
             20.0,
             aspect_ratio,
             0.1,  // aperture
             10.0, // dist_to_focus
         ),
-        world: Scene::random_world(&mut small_rng)
+        world: Scene::random_world(&mut small_rng),
     };
 
     // render

src/primitives.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,10 @@
-
-use std::ops::{
-    Add,
-    AddAssign,
-    Sub,
-    SubAssign,
-    Mul,
-    MulAssign,
-    Div,
-    DivAssign,
-    Neg,
-};
 use std::fmt;
 use std::fmt::Display;
+use std::ops::{Add, AddAssign, Div, DivAssign, Mul, MulAssign, Neg, Sub, SubAssign};
 
 use rand::Rng;
+use rand::distr::Uniform;
 use rand::rngs::SmallRng;
-use rand::distributions::Uniform;
 
 pub type Vec2i = Vec2<i32>;
 pub type Vec2f = Vec2<f32>;
@@ -26,7 +15,6 @@ pub struct Vec2<T>{
     pub y: T,
 }
 
-
 impl Vec2<f32> {
     pub fn zero() -> Vec2<f32> {
         Vec2 { x: 0.0, y: 0.0 }
@@ -37,33 +25,44 @@ impl Vec2<f32> {
     }
 
     pub fn rand(srng: &mut SmallRng, distrib: Uniform<f32>) -> Vec2<f32> {
-        Vec2 { x: srng.sample(distrib), y: srng.sample(distrib) }
+        Vec2 {
+            x: srng.sample(distrib),
+            y: srng.sample(distrib),
+        }
     }
-
 }
 
 impl<T> Vec2<T>
-where T: std::ops::Mul{
+where
+    T: std::ops::Mul,
+{
     pub fn new(x: T, y: T) -> Vec2<T> {
         Vec2 { x, y }
     }
 }
 
 impl<T> Add for Vec2<T>
-where T: std::ops::Add<Output = T>{
+where
+    T: std::ops::Add<Output = T>,
+{
     type Output = Vec2<T>;
     fn add(self, other: Vec2<T>) -> Vec2<T> {
-        Vec2 { x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y }
+        Vec2 {
+            x: self.x + other.x,
+            y: self.y + other.y,
+        }
     }
 }
 
 impl<T> Mul for Vec2<T>
-where T: std::ops::Mul<Output = T>{
+where
+    T: std::ops::Mul<Output = T>,
+{
     type Output = Vec2<T>;
     fn mul(self, other: Vec2<T>) -> Vec2<T> {
         Vec2 {
             x: self.x * other.x,
-            y: self.y * other.y
+            y: self.y * other.y,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ impl Div<f32> for Vec2<f32>{
     fn div(self, other: f32) -> Vec2<f32> {
         Vec2 {
             x: 1.0 / other * self.x,
-            y: 1.0/other * self.y
+            y: 1.0 / other * self.y,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -83,24 +82,29 @@ impl Div<i32> for Vec2<i32>{
     fn div(self, other: i32) -> Vec2<i32> {
         Vec2 {
             x: self.x / other,
-            y: self.y / other
+            y: self.y / other,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl<T> Div<Vec2<T>> for Vec2<T>
-where T: std::ops::Div<Output = T>{
+where
+    T: std::ops::Div<Output = T>,
+{
     type Output = Vec2<T>;
     fn div(self, other: Vec2<T>) -> Vec2<T> {
         Vec2 {
             x: self.x / other.x,
-            y: self.y / other.y
+            y: self.y / other.y,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl<T> Display for Vec2<T>
-where T: Display { // nested type still needs to have Display
+where
+    T: Display,
+{
+    // nested type still needs to have Display
     fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
         let str = format!("{} {}", self.x, self.y);
         fmt.write_str(&str)
@@ -119,21 +123,24 @@ impl Vec3{
         Vec3 { x, y, z }
     }
 
-    pub fn zero() -> Vec3{
-        Vec3{
+    pub const ZERO: Self = Vec3 {
         x: 0.0,
         y: 0.0,
         z: 0.0,
-        }
-    }
+    };
 
-    pub fn ones() -> Vec3{
-        Vec3 {
+    pub const ONES: Self = Vec3 {
         x: 1.0,
         y: 1.0,
-            z: 1.0
-        }
-    }
+        z: 1.0,
+    };
+
+    /// "Up" is considered to be positive-y
+    pub const UP: Self = Vec3 {
+        x: 0.0,
+        y: 1.0,
+        z: 0.0,
+    };
 
     pub fn rand(srng: &mut SmallRng, distrib: Uniform<f32>) -> Vec3 {
         Vec3 {
@@ -144,11 +151,14 @@ impl Vec3{
     }
 
     pub fn rand_in_unit_sphere(srng: &mut SmallRng) -> Vec3 {
-        let distrib = Uniform::new(-1.0, 1.0);
+        let distrib = Uniform::new(-1.0, 1.0).unwrap();
         loop {
             let p = Vec3::rand(srng, distrib);
-            if p.length_squared() >= 1.0 { continue; }
-            else { return p; }
+            if p.length_squared() >= 1.0 {
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                return p;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -156,17 +166,20 @@ impl Vec3{
         let distrib = Uniform::new(-1.0, 1.0);
         loop {
             let p = Vec3 {
-                x: srng.sample(distrib),
-                y: srng.sample(distrib),
+                x: srng.sample(distrib.unwrap()),
+                y: srng.sample(distrib.unwrap()),
                 z: 0.0,
             };
-            if p.length_squared() >= 1.0 { continue; }
-            else { return p; }
+            if p.length_squared() >= 1.0 {
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                return p;
+            }
         }
     }
 
     pub fn rand_unit_vector(srng: &mut SmallRng) -> Vec3 {
-        return Vec3::as_unit(Vec3::rand_in_unit_sphere(srng));
+        Vec3::as_unit(Vec3::rand_in_unit_sphere(srng))
     }
 
     pub fn length(&self) -> f32 {
@@ -179,7 +192,6 @@ impl Vec3{
 
     // roughly equivalent to the `void write_color(...)` in the book
     pub fn print_ppm(&self, samples_per_pixel: u32) -> String {
-
         let scale = 1.0 / samples_per_pixel as f32;
 
         // now with gamma correction
@@ -195,14 +207,11 @@ impl Vec3{
 
     pub fn near_zero(&self) -> bool {
         let epsilon: f32 = 1e-4;
-        return 
-            self.x.abs() < epsilon &&
-            self.y.abs() < epsilon &&
-            self.z.abs() < epsilon
+        self.x.abs() < epsilon && self.y.abs() < epsilon && self.z.abs() < epsilon
     }
 
     pub fn reflect(v: Vec3, n: Vec3) -> Vec3 {
-        return v - n * Vec3::dot(v, n) * 2.0;
+        v - n * Vec3::dot(v, n) * 2.0
     }
 
     pub fn refract(uv: Vec3, n: Vec3, etai_over_etat: f32) -> Vec3 {
@@ -213,16 +222,14 @@ impl Vec3{
     }
 
     pub fn dot(left: Vec3, right: Vec3) -> f32 {
-        left.x * right.x +
-        left.y * right.y +
-        left.z * right.z
+        left.x * right.x + left.y * right.y + left.z * right.z
     }
 
     pub fn cross(u: Vec3, v: Vec3) -> Vec3 {
         Vec3 {
             x: u.y * v.z - u.z * v.y,
             y: u.z * v.x - u.x * v.z,
-            z: u.x * v.y - u.y * v.x
+            z: u.x * v.y - u.y * v.x,
         }
     }
 
@@ -230,7 +237,6 @@ impl Vec3{
         let len = v.length();
         v / len
     }
-
 }
 impl Add for Vec3 {
     type Output = Vec3;
@@ -248,7 +254,7 @@ impl AddAssign for Vec3 {
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x + other.x,
             y: self.y + other.y,
-			z: self.z + other.z
+            z: self.z + other.z,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -269,7 +275,7 @@ impl SubAssign for Vec3 {
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x - other.x,
             y: self.y - other.y,
-			z: self.z - other.z
+            z: self.z - other.z,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -301,7 +307,7 @@ impl MulAssign<Vec3> for Vec3 {
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x * other.x,
             y: self.y * other.y,
-			z: self.z * other.z
+            z: self.z * other.z,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -311,7 +317,7 @@ impl MulAssign<f32> for Vec3{
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x * other,
             y: self.y * other,
-			z: self.z * other
+            z: self.z * other,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -343,7 +349,7 @@ impl DivAssign<Vec3> for Vec3 {
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x / other.x,
             y: self.y / other.y,
-			z: self.z / other.z
+            z: self.z / other.z,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -353,7 +359,7 @@ impl DivAssign<f32> for Vec3 {
         *self = Self {
             x: self.x / other,
             y: self.y / other,
-			z: self.z / other
+            z: self.z / other,
         };
     }
 }
@@ -374,7 +380,6 @@ impl Display for Vec3 {
         let str = format!("{} {} {}", self.x, self.y, self.z);
         fmt.write_str(&str)?;
         Ok(())
-		
     }
 }
 
@@ -658,7 +663,6 @@ mod test{
         let refl = Vec3::reflect(ray, normal);
         let expected = Vec3::new(-1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
         assert!(refl == expected);
-
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -666,7 +670,6 @@ mod test{
         let ray = Vec3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
         let normal = Vec3::as_unit(Vec3::new(-1.0, 1.0, 0.0));
 
-        
         let refl = Vec3::reflect(ray, normal);
         let expected = Vec3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
         let diff = refl - expected;
@@ -678,12 +681,9 @@ mod test{
     fn check_lerp() {
         let ray = Ray {
             orig: Vec3::new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
-            dir: Vec3::new(1.0, 1.0, 0.0)
+            dir: Vec3::new(1.0, 1.0, 0.0),
         };
         let half = ray.at(0.5);
-        assert_eq!(
-            half,
-            Vec3::new(0.5, 0.5, 0.0)
-        );
+        assert_eq!(half, Vec3::new(0.5, 0.5, 0.0));
     }
 }

src/renderer.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,15 @@
-
-use crate::primitives::{
-    Vec2i,
-    Vec2f,
-    Vec3,
-    Ray,
-    Rect,
-};
-use crate::scene::{
-    Hittable,
-    Scene,
-};
+use crate::primitives::{Ray, Rect, Vec2f, Vec2i, Vec3};
+use crate::scene::{Hittable, Scene};
 
 use rand::rngs::SmallRng;
 
 use itertools::{self, Itertools};
 
-const SKY_COLOR: Vec3 = Vec3 { x: 0.5, y: 0.7, z: 1.0};
+const SKY_COLOR: Vec3 = Vec3 {
+    x: 0.5,
+    y: 0.7,
+    z: 1.0,
+};
 
 pub struct RenderProperties {
     pub samples: u32, // samples are averaged results over a pixel
@@ -28,43 +22,34 @@ fn to_uv(coord: Vec2i, img_size: Vec2i) -> Vec2f {
     Vec2f::new(u, v)
 }
 
-fn ray_color(
-    r: Ray, surface: &Hittable, depth: u32,
-    rng: &mut SmallRng,
-) -> Vec3 {
+fn ray_color(r: Ray, surface: &Hittable, depth: u32, rng: &mut SmallRng) -> Vec3 {
     // recursion guard
     if depth == 0 {
-        return Vec3::zero();
+        return Vec3::ZERO;
     }
 
     // cast a ray, interrogate hit record
     if let Some(record) = surface.hit(r, 0.001, f32::INFINITY) {
         let mut scattered = Ray {
-            orig: Vec3::zero(),
-            dir: Vec3::zero(),
+            orig: Vec3::ZERO,
+            dir: Vec3::ZERO,
         };
-        let mut attenuation = Vec3::zero();
-        if record.material.scatter(
-            r,
-            &record,
-            &mut attenuation,
-            &mut scattered,
-            rng
-        ) {
-            return attenuation * ray_color(
-                scattered, surface, depth-1, rng
-            );
+        let mut attenuation = Vec3::ZERO;
+        if record
+            .material
+            .scatter(r, &record, &mut attenuation, &mut scattered, rng)
+        {
+            return attenuation * ray_color(scattered, surface, depth - 1, rng);
         }
     } // TODO: explicit else block
     // Rust gets angry about the inner if{} block because it evaluates to ()
     // when the else path is taken. This is a problem for a function
     // that returns Vec3 and not ().
 
-    { // when nothing is struck, return sky color
+    // when nothing is struck, return sky color
     let unitdir = Vec3::as_unit(r.dir);
     let t = 0.5 * (unitdir.y + 1.0);
-        return Vec3::ones() * (1.0 - t) + SKY_COLOR * t
-    }
+    Vec3::ONES * (1.0 - t) + SKY_COLOR * t
 }
 
 fn sample_pixel(
@@ -75,18 +60,14 @@ fn sample_pixel(
     // Supplied by the execution environment (the thread)
     rng: &mut SmallRng,
 ) -> Vec3 {
-    (0..render_props.samples)
-    .fold(
-        Vec3::zero(),
-        |color, _sample| -> Vec3 {
+    (0..render_props.samples).fold(Vec3::ZERO, |color, _sample| -> Vec3 {
         let uv = to_uv(coord, img_size);
         let ray = scene.camera.get_ray(uv.x, uv.y, rng);
         if ray.dir.x.is_nan() {
             panic!("Ray dir.x is NAN");
         }
         color + ray_color(ray, &scene.world, render_props.bounces, rng)
-        }
-    )
+    })
 }
 
 pub struct Tile {
@@ -102,22 +83,25 @@ impl Tile {
         properties: &RenderProperties, // TODO: Place image size in render properties?
         rng: &mut SmallRng,
     ) -> Self {
-        let pixel_iter = (bounds.y..(bounds.y + bounds.h))
-            .cartesian_product( bounds.x..(bounds.x + bounds.w));
-        let pixels = pixel_iter.map(
-            |coord| -> Vec3 {
+        let pixel_iter =
+            (bounds.y..(bounds.y + bounds.h)).cartesian_product(bounds.x..(bounds.x + bounds.w));
+        let pixels = pixel_iter
+            .map(|coord| -> Vec3 {
                 sample_pixel(
-                    Vec2i{x: coord.1, y: coord.0},
+                    Vec2i {
+                        x: coord.1,
+                        y: coord.0,
+                    },
                     scene,
                     properties,
                     img_size,
                     rng,
                 )
-            }
-        ).collect();
+            })
+            .collect();
         Self {
             _bounds: bounds,
-            pixels
+            pixels,
         }
     }
     pub fn render_line(
@@ -128,11 +112,16 @@ impl Tile {
         rng: &mut SmallRng, // rng utils
     ) -> Self {
         Tile::render_tile(
-            Rect{ x: 0, y, w: img_size.x, h: 1 },
+            Rect {
+                x: 0,
+                y,
+                w: img_size.x,
+                h: 1,
+            },
             img_size,
             scene,
             properties,
-            rng
+            rng,
         )
     }
 }

src/scene.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-
-use crate::primitives::{Vec3, Ray};
+use crate::primitives::{Ray, Vec3};
 
 use rand::Rng;
+use rand::distr::Uniform;
 use rand::rngs::SmallRng;
-use rand::distributions::Uniform;
 
 pub struct HitRecord {
     pub p: Vec3,
@@ -14,34 +13,47 @@ pub struct HitRecord{
 }
 
 impl HitRecord {
-    pub fn set_face_normal(&mut self, r: Ray, outward_normal: Vec3) -> (){
+    pub fn set_face_normal(&mut self, r: Ray, outward_normal: Vec3) {
         self.front_face = Vec3::dot(r.dir, outward_normal) < 0.0;
-        self.normal = if self.front_face { outward_normal } else { -outward_normal };
+        self.normal = if self.front_face {
+            outward_normal
+        } else {
+            -outward_normal
+        };
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub enum Hittable {
-    Sphere { center: Vec3, radius: f32, material: Material },
-    HittableList { hittables: Vec<Hittable> }
+    Sphere {
+        center: Vec3,
+        radius: f32,
+        material: Material,
+    },
+    HittableList {
+        hittables: Vec<Hittable>,
+    },
 }
 
 impl Hittable {
     pub fn hit(&self, r: Ray, t_min: f32, t_max: f32) -> Option<HitRecord> {
         match self {
-            Hittable::HittableList { hittables } => {
-                hittables.iter()
-                .map( |obj| -> Option<HitRecord> {
-                    obj.hit(r, t_min, t_max)
-                }).filter(|obj| obj.is_some())
+            Hittable::HittableList { hittables } => hittables
+                .iter()
+                .map(|obj| -> Option<HitRecord> { obj.hit(r, t_min, t_max) })
+                .filter(|obj| obj.is_some())
                 .min_by(|lhs, rhs| {
                     let lhs = lhs.as_ref().unwrap();
                     let rhs = rhs.as_ref().unwrap();
                     lhs.t.partial_cmp(&rhs.t).expect("Couldn't compare??")
-                }).unwrap_or(None)
-            }
+                })
+                .unwrap_or(None),
 
-            Hittable::Sphere { center, radius, material } => {
+            Hittable::Sphere {
+                center,
+                radius,
+                material,
+            } => {
                 let oc = r.orig - *center;
                 let a = r.dir.length_squared();
                 let half_b = Vec3::dot(oc, r.dir);
@@ -81,7 +93,6 @@ impl Hittable {
     }
 }
 
-
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum Material {
     Lambertian { albedo: Vec3 },
@@ -103,7 +114,8 @@ impl Material {
                 let scatter_dir = rec.normal + Vec3::rand_unit_vector(srng);
                 // The compiler might be smart enough to compute this ^^^ just once. In which case,
                 // I don't need to do this weird dance. Oh well. It'll work.
-                let scatter_dir = if scatter_dir.near_zero() {  // if near zero,
+                let scatter_dir = if scatter_dir.near_zero() {
+                    // if near zero,
                     rec.normal // replace with normal
                 } else {
                     scatter_dir // else preserve current
@@ -114,44 +126,48 @@ impl Material {
                 // using them at all)
                 *scattered = Ray {
                     orig: rec.p,
-                    dir: scatter_dir
+                    dir: scatter_dir,
                 };
                 *attenuation = *albedo; // deref on both sides? Wacky
-                return true;
-            },
+                true
+            }
             Material::Metal { albedo, fuzz } => {
-                let reflected = Vec3::reflect(
-                    Vec3::as_unit(ray_in.dir),
-                    rec.normal
-                );
+                let reflected = Vec3::reflect(Vec3::as_unit(ray_in.dir), rec.normal);
                 *scattered = Ray {
                     orig: rec.p,
                     dir: reflected + Vec3::rand_in_unit_sphere(srng) * *fuzz,
                 };
                 *attenuation = *albedo;
-                return Vec3::dot(scattered.dir, rec.normal) > 0.0;
-            },
+                Vec3::dot(scattered.dir, rec.normal) > 0.0
+            }
             Material::Dielectric { index_refraction } => {
-                *attenuation = Vec3::ones();
-                let refraction_ratio = if rec.front_face { 1.0 / index_refraction } else { *index_refraction };
+                *attenuation = Vec3::ONES;
+                let refraction_ratio = if rec.front_face {
+                    1.0 / index_refraction
+                } else {
+                    *index_refraction
+                };
 
                 let unit_direction = Vec3::as_unit(ray_in.dir);
                 let cos_theta = Vec3::dot(-unit_direction, rec.normal).min(1.0);
                 let sin_theta = (1.0 - cos_theta * cos_theta).sqrt();
 
                 let cannot_refract = refraction_ratio * sin_theta > 1.0;
-                let distrib_zero_one = Uniform::new(0.0, 1.0);
-                let direction = if cannot_refract || Material::reflectance(cos_theta, refraction_ratio) > srng.sample(distrib_zero_one) {
+                let distrib_zero_one = Uniform::new(0.0, 1.0).unwrap();
+                let direction = if cannot_refract
+                    || Material::reflectance(cos_theta, refraction_ratio)
+                        > srng.sample(distrib_zero_one)
+                {
                     Vec3::reflect(unit_direction, rec.normal)
                 } else {
                     Vec3::refract(unit_direction, rec.normal, refraction_ratio)
                 };
                 *scattered = Ray {
                     orig: rec.p,
-                    dir: direction 
+                    dir: direction,
                 };
-                return true;
-            },
+                true
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -159,7 +175,7 @@ impl Material {
         // Schlick's approximation for reflectance.
         let r0 = (1.0 - ref_idx) / (1.0 + ref_idx);
         let r0 = r0 * r0;
-        return r0 + (1.0 - r0) * (1.0 - cosine).powf(5.0);
+        r0 + (1.0 - r0) * (1.0 - cosine).powf(5.0)
     }
 }
 
@@ -174,7 +190,8 @@ pub struct Camera {
     lower_left_corner: Vec3,
     horizontal: Vec3,
     vertical: Vec3,
-    u: Vec3, v: Vec3, /*w: Vec3,*/
+    u: Vec3,
+    v: Vec3, /*w: Vec3,*/
     lens_radius: f32,
 }
 
@@ -186,7 +203,7 @@ impl Camera {
         vfov: f32,
         aspect_ratio: f32,
         aperture: f32,
-        focus_dist: f32
+        focus_dist: f32,
     ) -> Camera {
         let theta = degrees_to_radians(vfov);
         let h = (theta / 2.0).tan();
@@ -207,7 +224,8 @@ impl Camera {
             lower_left_corner,
             horizontal: horiz,
             vertical: verti,
-            u, v, /* w,*/
+            u,
+            v, /* w,*/
             lens_radius: aperture / 2.0,
         }
     }
@@ -216,10 +234,8 @@ impl Camera {
         let rd = Vec3::rand_in_unit_disk(srng) * self.lens_radius;
         let offset = self.u * rd.x + self.v * rd.y;
 
-        let dir = self.lower_left_corner
-                + self.horizontal * s
-                + self.vertical * t 
-                - self.origin - offset;
+        let dir =
+            self.lower_left_corner + self.horizontal * s + self.vertical * t - self.origin - offset;
         Ray {
             orig: self.origin + offset,
             dir,
@@ -227,7 +243,6 @@ impl Camera {
     }
 }
 
-
 pub struct Scene {
     pub camera: Camera,
     pub world: Hittable,
@@ -235,12 +250,20 @@ pub struct Scene {
 
 impl Scene {
     pub fn random_world(srng: &mut SmallRng) -> Hittable {
-        let mat_ground = Material::Lambertian { albedo: Vec3::new(0.5, 0.5, 0.5) };
-        let mut world = Hittable::HittableList { hittables : Vec::<Hittable>::new() };
+        let mat_ground = Material::Lambertian {
+            albedo: Vec3::new(0.5, 0.5, 0.5),
+        };
+        let mut world = Hittable::HittableList {
+            hittables: Vec::<Hittable>::new(),
+        };
 
-        world.push( Hittable::Sphere { center: Vec3::new(0.0, -1000.0, 0.0), radius: 1000.0, material: mat_ground });
+        world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
+            center: Vec3::new(0.0, -1000.0, 0.0),
+            radius: 1000.0,
+            material: mat_ground,
+        });
 
-        let distrib_zero_one = Uniform::new(0.0, 1.0);
+        let distrib_zero_one = Uniform::new(0.0, 1.0).unwrap();
         for a in -11..11 {
             for b in -11..11 {
                 let choose_mat = srng.sample(distrib_zero_one);
@@ -250,68 +273,70 @@ impl Scene {
                     z: b as f32 + 0.9 * srng.sample(distrib_zero_one),
                 };
                 if (center - Vec3::new(4.0, 0.2, 0.0)).length() > 0.9 {
-
                     if choose_mat < 0.8 {
                         // diffuse
-                        let albedo = Vec3::rand(srng, distrib_zero_one) * Vec3::rand(srng, distrib_zero_one);
+                        let albedo =
+                            Vec3::rand(srng, distrib_zero_one) * Vec3::rand(srng, distrib_zero_one);
                         let sphere_material = Material::Lambertian { albedo };
-                        world.push(
-                            Hittable::Sphere {
+                        world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
                             center,
                             radius: 0.2,
                             material: sphere_material,
-                            }
-                        );
+                        });
                     } else if choose_mat < 0.95 {
                         // metal
-                        let distr_albedo = Uniform::new(0.5, 1.0);
-                        let distr_fuzz = Uniform::new(0.0, 0.5);
+                        let distr_albedo = Uniform::new(0.5, 1.0).unwrap();
+                        let distr_fuzz = Uniform::new(0.0, 0.5).unwrap();
 
                         let albedo = Vec3::rand(srng, distr_albedo);
                         let fuzz = srng.sample(distr_fuzz);
                         let material = Material::Metal { albedo, fuzz };
-                        world.push(
-                            Hittable::Sphere {
+                        world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
                             center,
                             radius: 0.2,
-                                material: material,
-                            }
-                        );
+                            material,
+                        });
                     } else {
                         // glass
-                        let material = Material::Dielectric { index_refraction: 1.5 };
-                        world.push(
-                            Hittable::Sphere{
+                        let material = Material::Dielectric {
+                            index_refraction: 1.5,
+                        };
+                        world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
                             center,
                             radius: 0.2,
-                                material: material,
-                            }
-                        );
-
+                            material,
+                        });
                     };
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        let material1 = Material::Dielectric { index_refraction: 1.5 };
+        let material1 = Material::Dielectric {
+            index_refraction: 1.5,
+        };
         world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
             center: Vec3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
             radius: 1.0,
-            material: material1
+            material: material1,
         });
 
-        let material2 = Material::Lambertian { albedo: Vec3::new(0.4, 0.2, 0.1) };
+        let material2 = Material::Lambertian {
+            albedo: Vec3::new(0.4, 0.2, 0.1),
+        };
         world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
             center: Vec3::new(-4.0, 1.0, 0.0),
             radius: 1.0,
-            material: material2
+            material: material2,
         });
 
-        let material3 = Material::Metal { albedo: Vec3::new(0.7, 0.6, 0.5), fuzz: 0.0 };
+        let material3 = Material::Metal {
+            albedo: Vec3::new(0.7, 0.6, 0.5),
+            fuzz: 0.0,
+        };
         world.push(Hittable::Sphere {
             center: Vec3::new(4.0, 1.0, 0.0),
             radius: 1.0,
-            material: material3
+            material: material3,
         });
         world
     }